Liberal – and not so liberal – opinion is falling all over itself to defend Australia-based holocaust denier Fredrick Töben, who remains under threat of deportation to Germany following his arrest at Heathrow last week.
Töben, of course, was imprisoned for nine months in Mannheim in 1999 for propagating his execrable views, and was one of the star turns at the Tehran holocaust denial conference in 2006.
This is a man who considers the claim that Nazi Germany slaughtered six million Jews to be a straightforward ‘lie’, and moreover a lie perpetuated by ‘the holocaust racketeers, the corpse peddlers and the shoah business merchants’.
As far as I am aware, such a stance is more extreme than the public pronouncements on this issue of any leading European fascist party leader.
In language that parallels that of some publications of the left, Töben also maintains that ‘the current US government is influenced by world Zionist considerations to retain the survival of the European colonial, apartheid, Zionist, racist entity of Israel.’
Yet Chris Huhne, the Liberal Democrat home affairs spokesman, insists that his arrest runs contrary to Britain’s tradition of free speech. Huhne maintains: I come to this as a good, classic liberal. It is a fundamental part of our system that we believe in freedom of speech and, like Voltaire, I may disparage what you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it.
As far as I can make out, Melanie Phillips’ opposition to extradition – in a full page article in today’s Daily Mail – is largely motivated more by the hard right’s europhobia than concern for any abstract consideration of freedom of speech.
The extradition request, you see, comes on the back of a European arrest warrant. Thus British nationals can in theory be arrested here and shipped to other EU countries that accuse them of committing a crime, even if the alleged crime is not a crime according to British law. Philip Johnston, writing in the Daily Telegraph, makes much the same case.
But need those against Töben’s extradition be particularly worried? It’s just that my mind goes back to October 1998, when former Chilean president Augusto Pinochet – in London to seek medical treatment at a private clinic off Harley Street – was arrested on a Spanish provisional warrant for the murder in of Spanish citizens during his free market dictatorship.
Five days later, he was served with a second provisional arrest warrant, charging him with systematic torture, murder, illegal detention, and forced disappearances. These are matters incomparably more grave, of course, than the online inculcation of holocaust denial.
Spain’s case was largely founded on the principle of universal jurisdiction, which is the idea that certain crimes are sufficiently serious to constitute crimes against humanity, and should thus be open for prosecution in any court, anywhere in the world.
The British House of Lords ruled that Pinochet had no right to immunity from prosecution as a former head of state, and could be put on trial. And New Labour’s response?
After placing Pinochet under house arrest – during which he received ample visits from many of his Tory fan club, such as Lady Thatcher – the then home secretary Jack Straw in March 2000 ruled that he should be released on medical grounds.
To put it mildly, this craven display of cowardice, motivated in part by Straw’s inability to stand up to the pressure exerted by this murderer’s monetarist admirers, was not this government’s finest hour.
Just how ill Pinochet was is open to question. On his return to Chile in March that year, his first act on landing back in his native country was to rise up from his chair to acknowledge the loud applause and cheering of his supporters.
The caudillo died peacefully in his bed in December, 2006, without having been convicted of any of the undoubted crimes committed during his dictatorship.
For the record, I think Huhne is on balance right, and Phillips and Johnston are correct, in so far as the narrow point of law they raise goes. For exactly the reasons they state with varying degrees of eloquence, Töben should not be sent to his country of birth. But after the Pinochet case, that somehow doesn’t seem much of a risk.
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Why Europhobia and what is the “Hard Right ” other than your invention. If you mean thoe people concerned that Nationhood is not leached away by an elitist poltical class why is this hard ?
[1] What is nationality, anyway and why is it a “Good Thing”? My passport says I’m a citizen of the United Kingdom, which correctly implies that the State and the nation are different.
And let’s suppose there’s a candidate – presumably an independent – at the next Mayoral election who runs on a secessionist ticket, calling for London to be an independent city-state, like Singapore. They’d pretty much have to be signed up for the whole of Sarah Palin’s agenda not to attract some – quite possibly substantial – support on here.
Secession for zone one…now you’re talking!
Sign me up!!
Thus British nationals can in theory be arrested here and shipped to other EU countries that accuse them of committing a crime, even if the alleged crime is not a crime according to British law.
I am so glad that we will be able to rely on the Government to not enforce its own laws.
“I may not agree with what you say, but I probably will not openly support the German government claiming the right to jail people visiting Britain for saying it in Australia.
But I object to people saying the EU makes such things easier, althought they are right.”
Shorter New mania,
I like national sovereignty, except of course when it is the free market. I love it when G.A.T and the World Trade Organisation tell me what to do. I particularly like it when multi national corporations play one country off against each other to destroy the most basic of national laws.
For my summer holidays I like to go to concentration camps where I walk round doing Nazi salutes. This I find very funny, and it gives me a great sense of freedom.
Sally Is that supposed to be me …? Oh joy they have dug up the corpse of a canting hippy who thinks Google runs the world and anyone employed is a Nazi. Yeah that’s right coelacanth its all a big conspiracy ,…tell you what why chuck the protocols of Zion in as well and really demonstrate what a born again cretin you are .
‘I like national sovereignty, except of course when it is the free market ‘…..what about “ I like my own property to be secure , except when it comes to air and water and I totally contradict myself by wanting to go all over the place “..
Useful idiots are ione thing but useful drooling slack jawed inbreds are in bad taste .
David,
I take it it’s not a one way street? Presumeably, if someone breaks UK law and runs away to, oh I don’t know, Spain or somewhere like that, then under this sort of legislation it is possible to extradite the person to stand charges in the UK? Whether they are a Spanish national or not? So, let us pretend it is not illegal to say racist things in Spain, but it is in the UK. Would it be wrong for the UK government to ask for an extradition of someone who had allegedly committed an offence? Given that they could probably appeal any conviction all the way back up to a European institution like the ECHR, if there was a suspicion that the law under which they were being prosecuted violated their human rights?
I appreciate that it isn’t for all, this idea of reciprocity, this idea of co-operation.
But, I’d have thought, correct me if I am wrong, that there is more to be said for EU co-operation on this issue than there is to be said against it.
It wasn’t that long ago we had the Costa del Crime, or whatever it was called….
The point is that he didn’t commit a crime and then run away. What he was doing was, while not pleasant, completely legal both where he was doing it and where he was arrested for doing it. This goes way beyond a simple extradition treaty of the kind we have had with (for example) Spain since 1985.
Plus as a completely separate argument free speech is too important to be meddled with, to paraphrase Larry Flint if the law protects scum like him, then it will protect you. If it does not protect him then it may well not protect you either.
I think this is the only deportation I’ve ever supported. First time for everything, I suppose.
Also, Chris Huhne is an idiot. If he does mean it, then I’d argue that when there are so many good causes you could die for, choosing to die for the right of a Nazi to propogate racist views is a pretty poor choice. But I suppose if the religion of socialism is the language of priorities, classic liberalism is the language of really stupid priorities.
Of course, really it’s just hyperbole – which undermines the entire sentiment. If this Nazi does get deported, I’m willing to bet any sum of money that Chris Huhne will not die in an attempt to stop the deportation.
chris,
OK. So, I’d assume that, like me, you’d have sent Pinochet to trial in Spain without a qualm? Would that be right?
Toben has continued to preach, on a world wide stage, his disgusting views. If he falls within Germany’s extended jurisdiction, then hell mend him. I’d assume that a jihadist, say, who had been publishing internet porn from an Arab state, who fell within Germany’s jurisdiction, would be subject to a similar extradition to the UK, if we felt it appropriate, requested it, whatever.
Your point about free speech is not, really, well taken. I appreciate the difficulty of regulation, but Holocaust denial does seem to me to be the cultural equivalent of shouting ‘Fire’ in a theatre. It is designed to cause havoc. It is done by the, frankly, creepy, in an attempt to create a riot. It is reasonable to ban it. Let the ECHR decide whether his rights have been curtailed. That, presumeably, is why we help fund it.
What’s the point of any international law, otherwise?
[10] Holocaust denial does seem to me to be the cultural equivalent of shouting ‘Fire’ in a theatre. It is designed to cause havoc. It is done by the, frankly, creepy, in an attempt to create a riot
Douglas, does this apply only to individuals who defend the Nazis, or also to institutions, such as the EU and the Israeli government, who also practice holocaust denial – the holocaust in this case being the Armenian massacres committed by Turkey nearly 100 years ago?
In free speech there is a distinction between what is fact and what is opinion.
So where the guy’s opinions don’t account for certain indisputable facts he only makes himself look like a misguided fool. But in his ability to stir up any discussion about accepted facts he makes us look like fools.
It’s not worth getting offended about because to do so enables him to grow his platform and spread his message further.
Jast as it is an irony that a joke met with disapproval is funnier in its’ perversity than a joke met with silence it is an irony that such a message is being spread on the back of outraged reaction. This should warn us that we aren’t quite as intelligent or mature as we may like to think.
Such an irony correlates closely with the ironic truth that German law incorporates certain repressive Nazi traits designed to suppress Nazi ideology (which will therefore never completely allow Naziism to be expunged).
So the foolish holocaust deniers are, perversely, doing liberals a favour, albeit for opposite reasons and against their actual ideological intentions.
Okay, let’s clarify the legalities here…
The framework for European Arrest Warrants does include provision for extradition for racism and xenophobia related offences but, as yet, its not clear how a UK court will interpret those provisions and their extent where there is no parallel offence in UK law.
So, its not certain that Toben will be extradited to Germany but, one way or another, his arrest will mean that an important piece of case law will emerge out of this case.
As for Holocaust denial and free speech, so far as the EU goes the key precedent lies in a 2003 ECHR ruling on Belgium’s Holocaust denial law in which the court cited article 17 (abuse of rights) as justification for excluding an appeal based on article 10 (free speech)…
“denying or minimising the Holocaust must be seen as one of the acutest forms of racial slandering and incentives to hatred towards the Jews. The negation or the revision of historical facts of this type call into question the values which found the fight against racism and anti-semitism and is likely to seriously disturb law and order. Attacks against the rights of others of this kind are incompatible with democracy and human rights and their authors incontestably have aims that are prohibited by article 17 of the Convention.” The court concludes that in application of article 17 of the ECHR, the plaintiff can’t appeal to the protection of article 10 ECHR, insofar that he wants to use the freedom of expression to dispute crimes against humanity.
That doesn’t mean the ECHR isn’t talking bollocks though.
“The Jews are lizard-creatures who kill babies for their blood” is, rightly, actionable in the UK because it’s incitement to racial hatred. “Hitler didn’t kill the Jews” isn’t, because it isn’t, any more than saying “America didn’t kill at least 50,000 North Vietnamese civilians from 1966-1972″ would be. Being lizard creatures who kill babies is a good reason to hate someone; not having had their ancestors murdered by Nazis isn’t.
(side point as always: if I were a massive Beatles fan, then I wouldn’t seek to deny that they made Sgt Pepper’s…)
It’s an interesting proposition that a state should be allowed to punish those who deviate from its determination of historical facts, or indeed other things that ‘it’ finds offensive but haven’t been published within its jurisdiction.
I don’t think it is reliable to depend on precedent from Belgium where the pressure to deal with guilt accumulated from collaboration is strong.
And I think that EU ruling is flat out wrong. Rights are derived from freedoms, not the other way round, although this legal dispute probably originates in linguistic interpretation.
douglas,
I take it it’s not a one way street?
Some states have interpreted the framework in a different way from others and that intended by the EU Commission, and some prohibit the extradition of their nationals.
Belgium for example came in for some criticism from the Commission for explicitly excluding abortion and euthanasia from the category of “murder or grevious bodily harm”.
11. Mike, I thought it was the Turks that were in denial over the Armenian holocaust. Anyway, that isn’t the point I was trying to make. I think that extradition on the basis of equilvalence ought to apply, so, if the Germans would extradite anyone in their jurisdiction to us for a felony under UK law, then we should reciprocate. It clearly falls flat on it’s face if the decision whether or not to extradite depends on either the national identity of the suspect or on the extraditing nations’ view of the law in the other member state. The Ciarin Tobin case – not Toben – is, to my mind, an unreasonable interpretation of the principles, see here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciaran_Tobin_extradition_case
I’d tend to agree that European Arrest Warrants should only be used in reasonably serious cases, but you invariably see legislation which has been passed with good intent being warped by the bureucracies for purposes it was never intended. Whether the Toben case falls within or outwith that parameter is, I suppose, the issue here. Personally, I’d leave it up to the Judges to decide and keep politicians out of it. Which is the way it’s supposed to work, anyway. Though the Irish case should be appealled by the Hungarian Court if at all possible, as I think they have misdirected themselves on a point of Law.
I don’t think it is reliable to depend on precedent from Belgium where the pressure to deal with guilt accumulated from collaboration is strong.
It’s not a Belgian precedent, its an ECHR precedent which lawyers making the extradition application will deploy to try to preclude consideration of article 10 as a basis for denying the warrant.
John’s essentially on the money so far as the defence case is concerned – the argument there is that holocaust denial is not, per se, an offence in UK law such that for extradition to take place the laywers making the application must demonstrate that Toben’s writing amount to something incite to racial hatred in UK law and not just bad scholarship.
10. A mass murdering bastard like Pinochet is a completely different kettle of fish to a delusional revisionist. Ordering people killed is rather different to writing claims that somebody else didn’t order people killed despite masses of evidence to the contrary.
Personally I would rather Pinochet had been put on trial in a Chilean court for everything he did, as Juan Guzmán Tapia and Alejandro Madrid almost managed to do. Or like the Rwandan genocidaires were tried in Rwanda. After that the Hague is the recognised place for dealing with mass murdering bastards like him; the way that Slobodan Milosevic was. Since those routes where not available then, yes, pack him up and ship him off without hesitation.
Pinochet ordered lots of actual harm to lots of actual people. Töben has harmed nobody nor ordered anybody harmed. I cannot see how what he did would fall into the same category as state sponsored kidnap, torture, and murder and I do not see why it should be treated as if it where state sponsored kidnap, torture, and murder. It does not matter that he’s wrong, he’s a creep, or what his motives are, the state should not be in the business of saying what is and what is not debatable.
Unity,
John’s essentially on the money so far as the defence case is concerned – the argument there is that holocaust denial is not, per se, an offence in UK law such that for extradition to take place the laywers making the application must demonstrate that Toben’s writing amount to something incite to racial hatred in UK law and not just bad scholarship.
You seem to be implying that the principle of dual (or double) criminality comes into play, which is not the case – it’s something the EAW framework decision abolished.
(by the way, your hyperlink leads to your old website, not me.uk.)
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